Hurt people Essay Example for Free

Hurt people EssayIn this musical composition, the work of Dr. Sandra Wilson (2001) entrust be sideed at from the perspective of obtaining a comprehensive personal theory of counseling. Wilson draws on many years of counseling experience and has developed a simple yet unplumbed concept that hurt people, hurt people. In this theory, Wilson describes how a person is wounded early on in life and how those hurts translates into a continual wounded big(p) life if not properly addressed. The paper will give a brief summary of the Wilsons theory, point out some strengths that this theory presents along with weaknesses. Lastly, this paper will draw on personal experience from the author that connects with the content of Wilsons theory and makes appropriate applications for further counseling practice. ? WILSON CRITIQUE 3 Introduction Dr. Sandra Wilson (2001) presents a very helpful and unique theory for the Christian counselor in her book, Hurt People Hurt People. This theory critiq ue paper will introduce, unlike other theories that contribute been discussed, the crucial role that temporal systems play in the development of a persons health, illness, and personality (Slide Presentation, COUN 507 B08 LUO, week 1, Slide 2).Wilson (2001) argues that hurts and wounds that originate in childhood atomic number 18 the primary driving force for why a person hurts other people later on in adulthood. Summary Wilson (2001) begins her theory on why hurt people hurt people by bestowing that a persons childhood, no matter how good or loving it was, experiences some type or level of hurt (Wilson, 2001). This exploration into the childhood stage of a persons life shows that the messages a child receives during that stage send away determine the trends of champions actions in adulthood (Wilson 2001).In essence the sum of an adults hurtful actions can be explained by the choices that the child made in response to the hurtful environment in which they lived (Wilson, 2001, pg. 86). This cornerstone concept stems out of Wilsons (2001) theory of why hurt people hurt people. Wilson (2001) describes three questions that children must not only answer but by which their answers lead to the choices they make in life. First a child is asking, Can I be safe in the environment I am in and the predominate relationships around me? Children will make choices in their daily lives to manage how to obtain a sense of stability and meet basic needs (Wilson, 2001, pg. 74). Next, children ask the question, Can I convey and show my true self to WILSON CRITIQUE 4 those around me? (Wilson, 2001, pg. 75). This boils down to the childs identity and desire to know if their needs and emotions are fit to be met through the expression of their true nature. Lastly, children ask, Can I be bringed in a relationally by those around me? In this question, children learn to accept themselves or not by the quality of the how their parents accept or dont accept them for who they are. Wilson (2001) concludes that what is uniquely index fingerful in this dynamic is that children believe they are freely making their choices when in fact they have very little option in the process (Wilson, 2001, pg. 82). Wilson (2001) finds that where a child questions has dramatic and adult-changing effect ascribable to a perception we have about God. Wilson states that children from a general sense think of God as an exaggerated parent?This perception of God as an exaggerated parent explains how the choices that children make based on the above stated questions that children ask have an effect in adult life. So for example, if a child is raised in a stable home and feels loved, accepted and able to be themselves, they will generally view God as soulfulness who has the same(p) inclination. Weaknesses and Strengths Wilson (2001) presents many strengths in her theory of hurt people, hurt people. One of the strengths is her ability to communicate the motivation for why individuals behave in hurtful ways to one another.She relates that the messages that children receive from their parents in good and bad instances are then acted upon to protect and defend safety, stability, and their sense of image. These choices which continue on into adulthood come out in an unhealthy way of WILSON CRITIQUE 5 relating to one other (Wilson, 2001). Wilsons approach is centered on the past of the individual where a legal age of these choices have their beginning. Another strength of Wilson is her ability to define the role of temporal systems in the development of personality.She makes a case that what we live through and how we alter as case of the environment ultimately determines what we become, which can have positive or negative consequences (Wilson, 2001, pg. 86). Wilson creates a helpful map for understanding from a general perspective how someone might change from the temporal systems in which they live. By describing this particular map, Wilson helps the counselor and/or counselee trace their steps back to understand the origins of the choices made.At the end of the map, Wilson purposes that the family system, the schools system, or other cultural systems are potential reasons for what motivates hurtful behavior. One weakness to point out from Wilsons theory is the fact she focus predominately on the past. Wilson does not look into other explanations for motivation other than centering her theory around the parents effect on the child. Though she does talk on a few points about the Lords role in how a person goes about changing in to a healthy adult, the majority of Wilsons synthesis for why someone may hurt others or take a defensive stance toward another person centers less on biblical principles and more on her year of experience in the counseling field.Though this cant be considered a true hard and firm weakness, I would have expected her to undergird this prominent part of process with scriptural references. WILSON CRITIQUE 6 Personal Reflection I agree with Wilsons theory of why hurt people hurt people, mainly because I personally relate.When I read her theory, and think of my own personal childhood, I can very much see where some of my own behaviors have come out of thoughts and choices I made to protect my own feelings and acceptance. As I look back at my own past relations with my dad and how that has dramatically effected me in some negative areas, I recall the main gainsay that Wilson describes we have to face and overcome is our distorted view of God (Wilson, 2001, pg. 188). As I have thought through what my dad has communicated to me about who God is, I realize more and more how much more of a journey I have in knowing God truly.It would seem that one of the sterling(prenominal) tasks that we as counselors have is the stewardship of the fairness of revealing who God is. If what Wilson has described is on point, and I think it is, then how we as counselors accurately and efficaciously communicate the t ruth of the person of God to hurting people is paramount to the transformation. One method that Wilson described in her book for helping counselees is how introducing new choices and consistently enacting those choices can crap change?Through the counseling process, I would want to identify what was the pathway or map for the distorted view of God and how that distorted view has cause the actions of the person. I would then introduce the simple truth of what the counselee doesnt know into the the realm of the known. Wilson makes a great point that the counselee wont know they can change until they know what they have chosen (Wilson, 2001, pg. 88). I think this can be a powerful tool in the tool belt of counseling because it is the power truth that will ultimately set the person free to heal from the wounds that they are experiencing.

Killing a whole family Essay Example for Free

Killing a whole family EssayRodolfo again faces Eddies angry side, which asks him to pull in place of his hearthstone. provided Rodolfo has nothing to do with him and is more concerned of the arrival of Marco, which could lead to sparks flying between his brother and Eddie. He calls bug out to Catherine to leave now, while Beatrice suggests to Eddie to leave the house and go somewhere else. But Eddie refuses to move as this was his house, and now Beatrice is totally fed up with his behaviour and asks him that why he hates Marco now. Eddie refers to the time when Marco called him a buttocks and claimed that he had killed his children, which he says caused such hatred.Now Rodolfo tries to make things better by apologizing from his brothers behalf and he takes all the troubles and brings up the comradeship. But Eddie still sticks with his claim that Marco stole his nominate and asks Rodolfo to tell him to give it back in front of the whole neighbourhood. Eddie feels that thi s explanation isnt enough, now Beatrice posterior no longer hold the truth. She knows what Eddie wants, and in front of everyone and the arriving Marco, she says you can never have her. Beatrice asks Eddie to bid farewell to his niece forever, and that truth is not as bad as blood. Catherine is shocked, Eddie I horrified and clenching his fists he denies having such thoughts and asks Beatrice what make her work out like that. Marco now calls out for Eddie and Eddies attention is diverted as he steps out of the apartment to challenge Marco. Rodolfo pleads them to stop and tells Eddie that he would be cleanup spot a whole family. But nothing can stop Eddie now and he has a murderous look and with a bit of fake hoyden puts forward things that they have done wrong.He says that he knows that Marco feels that what h did wasnt right and should apologize for taking his name away and accusing him for killing his children despite the fact that he put his roof over them and food in their mouths. He further provokes Marco by repeatedly calling him a liar and then they get physical as Eddie lunges at Marco. Marco strikes him in the neck and calls him a animal. Eddie goes down and when it seems Marco has full control of the situation, Eddie brings out a knife. Louis tries to stop Eddie, but Eddie is totally out of control and he lunges with his knife at Marco, who with a final cry of Anima-a-a-l grabs his arm and presses the blade into Eddie.Mike and Louis separate the pair, but time has run out for Eddie whose words to Beatrice were his last ever. Beatrice covers Eddie while people around are praying, lights shine on Alfieri who is in the crowd. So as the play has progressed, this dominant and generous poor boy of the play is made to seem like a selfish and rude villain, whos immense love, narrow minded nature and feelings of insecurity have led to him go into his own trap of death.I do indeed think that Eddie was responsible for his own death, and it was bound to happen as soon as he had made the phone call which in my view was the hubris, the point of no return. But just like Alfieri, the audience does tend to feel sorry for this hard-working man, who despite having displayed his generosity, his flavor had to end in this manner. His selfishness and his flaw, which was his immense love, ate him up, and he was always very stubborn to his decisions and never took advice from either Alfieri or Beatrice.His deterioration was clear and could be monitored as he first felt honoured to welcome the Italian brothers, then when they he entered he asked them when they would leave and towards the end asked them to get out of their house. When Alfieri says at the end of the play, And soon enough it is better to settle for half, he is trying to send a message that despite the fact that Eddie displayed honest emotions through out, he still never compromised with everyone because of his minute beliefs and that eventually cost him his life.

Elijah The Prophet In The Bible Religion Essay

Elijah The Prophet In The Bible Religion EssayFaierstein, Morris. Why do the Scribes Say That Elijah Must Come First? Journal of Biblical Literature. 100.1 (1981), pp. 75-86. Print.This re start would be vital for research as it hold backs at the controversy environ Elijahs enter to heaven and its meaning. It provides a different approach to the understanding of some of the most vital events surrounding Elijahs life.Penninger, Harold. Walking with God. New York TEACH Services, Inc., 1996. Print.Elijahs tier is well explored by the author of this book Harold Penninger. Although the author discusses in depth the experiences of some of the icons in the Bible who, as the author puts it followed in the Gods footsteps, the Elijahs story is well explored in two parts Part I and Part II giving the reader a vivid insight into his life and invents (Penninger 51).The author stirs interest into this story by quoting important events both in the Old Testament and in the New Testament which would trigger any serious bible student to look into the life of Elijah. First, he quotes that he appeared in the New Testament during the transfiguration of Jesus, and secondly, Elijah is among the few people in the bible who were taken from this world before seeing death. Among early(a) events surrounding Elijahs death, the writer looks into all including his miracles, his fight with King Ahab and the rise of Baal. Of the controversial aspects or so Elijah, the writer points out the view of the bible students who view him as a prototype of john the Baptist. The description the bible gives regarding Elijah fits almost the same as the description given for John the baptism (Penninger 57). Part II of the Elijahs story gives generally the encounters of Elijah and the Baal prophets and King Ahab.This book would be quite useful for anyone doing research work as it not only explores Elijahs life, but it is also provides a critical check raising important insights which might be usef ul for deeper understanding.Wood, Norman. Bible Characters for Your Weekly Bible Study. Virginia Weekly Bible Study Resources. 2010. Web.This is a Christian website intended to benefactor readers of the bible in bible study. It does not give an overview of Elijahs life or work but is rather specific to some aspects of his life. Although based on the bibles scriptures, this source gives wide information regarding Elijah and Elisha and some of the details from the historical books not necessarily included in the bible. It also explores other aspects of the Israel culture as mentioned in other scriptures which would be very beneficial for any reader seeking to understand the bible well (Wood 21). For instance, Elisha asked for a double portion from Elijah as he was about to depart to heaven. This was according to the Israel traditions where the father gave the first born son double share of his possessions since he was supposed to be the successor as mentioned and elaborated anteced ent in Deuteronomy. This website reveals much about Elijahs relationship with Elisha and the events surrounding the succession of Elijahs work.The fact that this source mentions and quotes materials from other sources and other writers including published papers and journals like Christian experience Sentinel and Christian Science Journal makes it an ideal material for anyone doing research project on the topic (Wood 21). It does not focus on merely exploring Elijahs work and life, but seeks to bring out the best understanding of Elijah as a person and as a prophet clearly interpreting all the mysteries and events surrounding his work. Elisha, being his successor is also mentioned and their interaction detailed clearly. The reader is not only gains explanations, but is also allowed to think, consider and challenged to reconsider his/her stand and understanding.

Design And Build Procurement

instauration And have ProcurementIn this chapter, the definitions of physique and fabricate procurance including its concept and characteristics will be revealed. The success factors of utilize material body and stool procurement and the major task of developing the toils scope of work will be covered in great detail in this chapter. The definitive performance criteria of a upchuck specifically in major aspects of time, cost and lumber will deeply explained. The chapter then moves forward to the arrogate of features of build and Build on roles and responsibilities of the avower boardhin the process. The explanation on ways of the contractor proposes to turn over them. This chapter then also describes the implementation of Design and Build in Malaysia gibely to its history performance and problems that have been occurred in Malaysia by using Design and Build procurement.2.1 INTRODUCTION OF conception AND attain PROCUREMENTIt is clear that at that place atomic numb er 18 many different variables to take into account when selecting the procurement manner for our start. It is quite difficult due to each procurement methods differ from each different in unique ways. The key on making decisions on choosing the right procurement method is that each differs from the other on its own basis. Thus, it takes a a couple of(prenominal) key questions to help decide which one should be aim. The flow chart below shows the key questions and decisions on which procurement method should be utilize.The process of conformationing procurement involves a series of different specialists in contributing to the construction work at different times. Design and build procurement has been in implement for a truly long time for more than a decade in the twentieth century. It has pass away more widespread across get together extract as well as around the world and had found in many industries. From a survey of trends in methods of procurement that were carried out by RICS from Davis Langdon and Everest revealed that in 1984, 5.06% of construction projects were procured on a Design and Build basis. Added that by 1991, this had risen to 14.78% .Revealing proudly by the Contract Journal July 1994, that the Design and Build turnover of the United Kingdoms top 70 Design and Build contractors increased by 15% during the period 1992 to 1993. The growth in the use of Design and Build recently as a procurement route is seen as being such radical change that could renounce the industry to develop cost radical change that allow the industry to develop cost models that automatically can reflect the construction rather than picture processes.It seems as the roughly logical way to procure a building and thus given a clean slate to start with. However, many heading professionals and owners had fe atomic number 18d that this would result in the minimization or even ending of the aimers office. This procurement is said to be able to furnish a desi gn that maximizes quality within the projects budgetary constraints.Numerous successfully completed Design and Build projects range from housing, through and through industrial and commercial projects, to major complexes. It proves that this procurement method has very wide applicability. Frequently, the Design and Build contractor would be asked to contract with the guests designers, so that t here is some continuity of the design effort, but the re of importing design work is the contractors responsibility. This involves formally transferring the designers contracts from the thickening to the builder which is called novation.2.1.1 DEFINITIONS OF DESIGN AND BUILD PROCUREMENTDesign and build procurement is a procurement where it combine the design and construction process under a single entity. Design and Build terms are taken from its strategy itself where it would entail the contractor to carry out the work the design work as well as the construction and also the closedown of th e work. As according to Turner (1990) and Jansen (1991) has supported that design and build contractor is supplying the procurement option of buying a finished building.While according to Masterman (1992) the term Design and Build has almost been unanimously interpreted and defined as being an arrangement where one contracting organization takes sole responsibility, usually on a lump sum fixed price basis, for the bespoke design and construction of a clients project. he then elaborate that this contains three elements the responsibility for design and construction, contractors reimbursement is for the most part by means of a fixed price lump sum and the project is designed and built specifically to meet the clients need. Furthermore, as according to David Cappell (1997), Design and Build place responsibility for both design and erection in the hands of the contractor one point of responsibility for everything. However, theres an mankind of one common thread that all Design Build delivery corpses share which would be a single point of responsibilities for both design and construction.In other definition, Design and Build can be said as arrangement where one organization design and construct to the firm orders of the client for a single financial transaction.In general, the definition of Design and Build can be summarized as providing a single point responsibility for the whole design and construction. Below is a chart to differentiate surrounded by Design and Build procurement with traditional procurement.(a) (b)Figure 2.2 (a) Single point responsibility Design and Build Procurement(b) Fragmented responsibility Traditional Procurement(Source Bennett and Grice, 1992)2.1.2 CONCEPT AND CHARACTERISTICS OF DESIGN AND BUILDA basic concept in Design and Build procurement is that it requires the project to be contracted to a single organization which is responsible for design, procurement, and engineering and commissioning. The first-class honours degree step b efore choosing a procurement method should be through analysis of the projects characteristics on a global basis, including those technical requirements for design and construction. The projects owner will ensure that the stallion context in which the project be delivered is thorough understood and can be accounted for in plans for schedule, price and quality. Once the owner has determined all the external constraints that superpower impact on its project, a project procurement method can be selected.There are quite many good reasons why an owner would select Design and Build for a given project. Theres a list of reasons for which an owner might decide that a project is suitable for the use of Design and Build procurement method. It would beWhere a compressed delivery schedule is requiredA single point responsibility is required,Constructability consideration drive the design concept or details, unmatched factors require special knowledge or screw to produce the least-cost design ,The owner/designer must rely on the builder to optimize technology wit cost,The project will site-adapt a previous design,The project is a common commercial facility,The project is beyond the owners technical capability,Lastly, where risk can be share to reduce cost.This can be supported by Masteman (2002), who argued that the definitions of the Design and Build contains three elements that would fundamental characteristics of this system, which are the responsibility for design and construction lies with one organization, reimbursement is generally by means of a fixed price lump sum, and project is designed and built specifically to meet the needs of the client.2.2 PERFORMANCE OF DESIGN AND BUILDAn owner of a project would definitely want to obtain a building that satisfies his needs of good performance. The meaning of a good performance here require the project to form a high level of quality, of which including optimum economic price within the agreed time. Hashim (1996) conclu ded that the major factors tat affect the time and cost overruns would be (1) the procurement systems adopted, (2) the variation works, (3) delay in subcontractors work, and lastly (4) shortage of building materials. She also provides her findings to prove the relation to the procurement systems used and their impact on time cost overruns.It is very crucial that the selection of the procurement method lies in the clients responsibility. Because of that, the selected procurement shouldMeets the needs of the client, the type of project and the risks that might occur, can be handle by the clientRelated to the expertise available within the clients organization, resource and funding facility.Before the client decides which procurement method to be use, the relative importance of the three key criteria that need to be taken into account in procurement would be time, cost and quality performance. durationCOST QUALITYThe three criteria are inter-related. For instance, decisions affecting t ime will affect cost or both cost and performance. The key objective are exists to ensure that the clients objective are met effectively, efficiently and economically.2.2.1 TIMEEarly completion of a project rather one of the most required by the client. Nevertheless, most construction project fails to achieve this requirement. Because of that the selection of procurement method to be use should be done wisely.This requirement of early completion can be achieved if construction starts before the design is completed. It can be said that the greater overlap between the construction and the design stage, the less time will be required to complete the project. However, the amount of variation is likely to increase because of this relation. Form the studies by University of Reading (United Kingdom) evaluate that the construction speed of design and build projects is 12% faster than traditional approaches and the overall project delivery speed (including design and construction) is 30% fas ter than traditional methods. Added that, the certainty of completion in time increases with the earlier the contractors involve in the design processes.2.2.2 COSTLower cost of the construction project is another factor that is most important in ones employer requirement. The overlap between the design and construction means that construction starts before the cost is fixed, which will increase the uncertainty over the cost. This will drag the cost forecasting to get going critical.Research had found out that time or cost have a real strong interactions between the design and build system. Also, from findings it stated that by combining the full overtime schedule, average ordering and also fast track construction with moderate crashing of design can made achieve towards improvements in both time and cost.By the researchers findings, it had stated that 75% of design and build project were completed within 5% of budget, compared with 63% of traditional projects. Design and build proj ects are at least 13% cheaper than traditionally procured projects. Greatest cost certainty is achieved for design and builds projects when the owners requirements are detailed.2.2.3 QUALITYThe grapple of building quality is very important. From the facts, the quality performance characteristics determine the project time and cost. The performance of a project includes the function of the facility, its quality and appearance and durability, together with reliability and efficiency of the operation. The quality performance required from the completed facility is where it has the ability to control and make changes to the detailed specification after the contracts have been let. Design and build consistently come apart in meeting quality requirements for complex or innovative buildings rather than simple, standard, traditional buildings.2.2.4 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE CONTRACTORThe roles and responsibilities of each of the members of the project team should be considered car efully to invalidate problems associated with assembling temporary teams of professionals. The contractors are responsible to (1) undertake the design work outlined in contractors proposal which match with the employers requirements, (2) to fabricate the building, (3) to coordinate and combine the entire process. The figure below shows the relationship of project team in design and build procurement.This contractual relationship in design and build is clearly shows that the contractor is responsible for everything. The design and build process increases the opportunities to use the contractors experience during the design stages of the project and their key strengths in management of the construction works. The extension of the contractors role design role is sometimes much less than the associated design responsibilities. The contractor then takes the responsibility for the design, without having any previous involvement with the design team. However, with the variability of type s of construction projects and the experiences of clients in such projects, recent research had found that contractors whitethorn lack proper comprehending of managing the varying types of design processes.The contractor must do whatever it takes to achieve the employers requirements. A single point responsibility means that the contractor is responsible for ensuring that the project is completed in time within the specified budget. either delays beyond the control of the employer would be at the risk of the contractor. Other than that, the contractor also has to take into account the qualities that are agreed between the employers. Design and build contractors should understand the aesthetics or architecture value because the clients might not understand this kind of things. However, to ensure a contractor to produce what is specified by the client is not the same as ensuring the contractor producing a good and high quality building.2.3 IMPLEMENTATION OF DESIGN AND BUILD PROCUREM ENT IN MALAYSIA construction activities occurred loosely on the more developed western side of peninsular Malaysia, which would be around KL. It began to gain importance in the economy in the 1990s through its roles in the areas of reconstruction and modernization.There are seven main elements of the processes of construction procurement considered to be specific to Malaysia. These seven elements are divided into two great categories (1) the processes during preconstruction stage, and (2) the processes during construction stage.The processes of construction procurement during preconstruction stage areInitiation / promotionFundingDesign schematic design, detailed design and specialist design.Statutory sycophancy approval to initiate and to construct a facility and final approval to occupy the completed facility.TenderingThe processes of construction procurement during construction stage areConstruction management and physical construction processes.Risk allocationThe mostly use d procurement are listed below in order of their importance that has been identified as the dominant procurement systems in Malaysia.Traditional lump sum systemDesign and build / turnkey systemManagement contracting2.3.1 HISTORY AND emphasize OF STUDYDesign and build procurement was first launched in the Public Works Department by the Malayan Prime Minister in 1983. The first unit that has applied the system would be by the Kuala Terengganu Hospital, which was completed in 1985. Research has shown that there is a continuous increase in the use of Design and Build over the last 24 years. The system use in Malaysia was pioneered by the JKR. In this system, there exist only two parties, i.e., the client and the contractor.In Malaysia, comprehensive data on the use of different types of procurement systems is not available. However, design and build is one of the procurement systems frequently used in Malaysia.2.3.2 CONTRACTORS IN MALAYSIAThe total goals of a project to significant co st nest egg, time savings and better quality can be achieve in considering the contractors construction experience in earlier construction phases. Since the system of design and build become successfully growing in recent years, many contractors are successfully bleed in this market and they bring appropriate skills to bare in regard to the management and co-ordination of the overall process.However, the studies from Nima, M.A. M.R. Abdul-Kadir et al. (2001) also Rosli M.Z. (2004) show a shortage of knowledge among Malaysian contractors. They added that, a contractor have a supreme position in developing the constructability issue in different stages of construction projects which decreases probability of stoppages, delays and contract modifications. Any contribution from construction players in early stages of project can supply a useful guidance to bring deconstruction rules to design phase (Herman et al., 2003).The issue in this country is where the construction contractors a re not invited to participate in design activities, before the design reaches to end. This will reduce their ability to influence the project specification finally.Other researches had state that different sources of knowledge has emphasized on importance of design phase and decisions that can make tremendous changes in the project output (BCA, 2005 Construction Industry Review Committee, 2001 Galvinich, 1995 Gray Hughes, 2001 Nima et al., 2002 Unlik Lones, 1998). The more integration will result in greater amount of cost savings, labor savings and also less substance wastage.The design itself can lead the contractors to choose a better construction method which helps to an improved constructability. In addition, the contractors can use their construction experience to help the designers in better designs, then they can try to increase the flexibility of the project to avoid any later design modifications that requires more bullion injections to the projects (Lam et al., 2007).2. 3.3 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IN DESIGN AND BUILDNdekugri Turner (1994) suggests that by using design and build can provide better value for money and can give rise to fewer disputes than other procurement methods. One of the key advantage by using design and build is the opportunity to integrate the design and construction components. Argues by Saxon (2000) include that design and construction offers better performance in time and costs and results in lesser defects.The main advantages of design and build system that are obviously shown includeSingle point responsibility for both design and construction processesPrice is fixed in advance of constructionOverlapping of design and construction process (in contrast to the traditional system)The design and build contractor could incorporate the concept of buildability into the design which in turn would facilitate speedier and economical construction production.However, implementing design and build procurement also have the cons th at need to be aware of. Its disadvantages areUnclear client brief (Ho et al., 1996 Chan, 1997 Ernzan Schexnayder,2000)Lack of standard forms of contract (Ho et al., 1996 Gunning McDermott, 1997)Inadequate and insufficient information and coordination among parties (Ndekugri Church, 1996 Ho et al., 1996)Late design changes (Gunning McDermott, 1997 Chan, 1997).The projects costs could be higher than the traditional systemProjects often lacks of aesthetic valuesThe system is not very accommodative to changesOther than that, Smith (1992) stated some of his research of design and build difficulties that may have to be facedContractor dominated by staff who are unfamiliar with the design processInadequate fee quoted for design go by consultantsContractors operational staff too busy to consider design issuesContractors lacks expertise to manage the design interface between consultants and subcontract designersContractor leaves subcontractors to consecrate work amongst themselves2.4 C ONCLUSIONAlternative project system or delivery is gaining popularity towards Malaysia and outside countries. From this literature, we can see that the implementation of design and build in Malaysia turn up to be one of the successfully delivering method in an expeditious manner without sacrificing quality or economy. As for the contractors in Malaysia, the lack of knowledge can become the main reason to the unsuccessful of design and build delivery. Other than that, design and build seems the most appropriate delivery method that can improve ones project performance.DRAFT OF CHAPTERSCHAPTER 1 ABSTRACTCHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEWCHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGYCHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS (CONTRACTORS VIEW ON DB)CHAPTER 5 DATA ANALYSIS (DB ACHIEVEMENT)CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONTABLE OF CONTENTCHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW2.0 INTRODUCTION2.1 INTRODUCTION OF DESIGN AND BUILD PROCUREMENT2.1.1 Definitions of Design and Build Procurement2.1.2 Concept and Characteristics of Design and Build Procu rement2.2 PERFORMANCE OF DESIGN AND BUILD2.2.1 Time2.2.2 Cost2.2.3 Quality2.2.4 Roles and Responsibilities of the Contractor2.3 IMPLEMENTATION OF DESIGN AND BUILD PROCUREMENT IN MALAYSIA2.3.1 History and Background of Study2.3.2 Contractors in Malaysia2.3.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Design and Build2.4 CONCLUSION

Brief History Of Nestle Malaysia Management Essay

Brief History Of Nestle Malaysia Management EssayThe vivacious company that has selected is Nestl (Malaysia) Berhad. This report starts with an introduction and a brief history about Nestl and Nestl Malaysia. This report includes the vision and mission of Nestl and how Nestl is going to achieve them. This report also includes a brief summary of Nestls market segmentation with examples provided. It discusses the strengths and problems of the company followed by the solutions to solve the issues. In the end, there are whatsoever suggestions recommended by our group and a conclusion of this whole report.Nestl is a multinational company and is of the worlds largest in food and beverages assiduity. Heinrich Nestl, whom also known as Henri Nestl, was the founder of Nestl Company (Nestle. 2010, Introduction, Nestl Online available at www.nestle.com), which headquarter is in Vevey, Switzerland in the year of 1866. Nestl Malaysia was established in the year of 1912 in Malaysia as Anglo-Sw iss Condensed Milk Company. Nestl Malaysia head office is now located in Mutiara Damansara, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, and has 6 sales offices with more than 5000 employees nationwide. Besides, Nestl manufactures its own products in 7 factories and markets over 300 Halal products across the nation. (Nestl. 2010, Nestl in Malaysia, Nestl Online available at www.nestle.com.my) Nestl specialized in foods and beverages industry, a some of the many comfortably known brands Nestl has in Malaysia includes Maggi, Nescaf, Milo, Kit Kat, Nesvita (formerly known as Nestum), as well as pet care products such as Purina and Friskies.Nestls vision (Nestl. 2010, Corporate Philosophy, Nestl Online available at www.nestle.com.my) is to be the leader in Nutrition, Health, and Wellness Company by delivering world-class products of the highest consistent quality, reliability, and convenience based on business excellence principles throughout the operation. Nestls mission (The Nestl Corporate Essence Our roots and wing 2007, p.4) is to enhance the quality of life with good food and beverages, everywhere, so heap could live a healthier life. In rule to achieve their vision and mission, Nestl Nutrition Research Centre (Nestl. 2010, Research Development, Nestl Online available at www.nestle.co.jp) pays ample attention to understand the consumers nutritional and emotional needs and utilise todays world superior science and technology to attain high quality products to the world.MARKET dividerEvery consumer has different needs. Hence, it is not possible to satisfy every customer employ a same marketing segmentation, which is also known as pot marketing by offering a single marketing mix to all consumers. Moreover, as a global market has become extremely competitive, and consumers are increasingly take aiming which is very difficult to satisfy. Therefore, Nestl dos target marketing for every product to their customers.For example, in consumer product, Nestl baby milk produc t such as Nestl Neslac Excella Gold is part only to infants and toddlers. However, baby does not have the capacity or capability to buy the food they needed. Therefore, to market this baby milk product, Nestl does not fully centre on babys basic need which is hunger, but also to the babys parents in terms of how the nutrition provided pull up stakesing give their children the best possible advantages in the childrens life and development. other example is Nestl Milo, the milk beverage with chocolate and malt. Don Howart, the executive director of Nestl and Singapore Coffee and Beverages claimed that Milo remains popular among the young and has a 90% (The Sun. 2010, Milo with ProtoMalt to get through the day, Sun2Surf Online available at www.sun2surf.com) market share among chocolate malt drinks in Malaysia. Besides the youngsters, old people and active people are also part of the target markets of Nestl Milo drinks.However, at first, Nestls business was launched internationally and realised the fact that food products have to be taken into account to the local anaesthetic eating and social behaviour due to the particular countrys practices, cultures, and traditions. Therefore, (1) Nestl has always shown respect for diverse cultures and traditions and trying to integrate itself as much as possible into the cultures and traditions, adding also to the local environment its own set of values. Therefore, (2) Nestl embraces cultural and social diversity and does not discriminate on the basis of origin, nationality, religion, race, gender or age. (The Nestl Management and Leadership Principles 2006, p.9)STRENGTHSNestl is a multinational company, not to mention Nestl is also the largest industry in foods and beverages, hence Nestl has every capability to attract more consumers equivalence to the local companies. On account of its high market share and high financial power, Nestl also has greater financial capability in altering existing products in terms of pa ckaging, the formula of the particular product and others or creating new products, as well as to adapt or upgrade latest reading system technology in manufacturing, order processing and other related fields in order to sustain their competitive advantage by delivering disdain cost of goods and services than their competitors in this dynamic environment.Secondly, Nestl has quite an effective strategic marketing capability. For example, Nestl Maggi instant noodles has built a stable patent and is very well known in many countries especially in Australia and Malaysia. This is because Maggi instant noodles is easy to be differentiated from its competitors such as Cintan Instant Noodles. Moreover, Nestl has also developed a very strong brand name for Maggi instant noodles because of strong advertising, which has indoctrinated most of the people to name the other brands of instant noodles as Maggi instant noodle instead of the brands original name.Furthermore, Nestl also has a strong Research and Development operations that helps the company to achieve cross-border synergy such as packaging its global products to local preferences. Nestl also emphasises on using todays information technology, which Nestl believe it will present a long-term opportunity for them to smoothen the companys operation or to increase expertness in packaging, among any other companys operations. Besides, Nestl also has better technological capability, for instance, to renovate the existing products to be more innovative, higher quality, and much healthier product as Nestl realised that consumer-centred innovation and renovation is the most important pillar of Nestls worldwide strategy, which would accelerate Nestl to advance from good to better. (The Nestl Corporate Essence Our roots and wings 2007, p.34) And because of Nestls commitments, more people trust on the products delivered by Nestl because of its proper health and safety measures.Besides, Nestl also has great leadership attri butes. The leaders such as the top executives, branch managers, and others are responsible in building organisation capability. For example, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Nestl S.A., Peter Brabeck, (Castelarhost. 2005, Nestl LC1 S.W.O.T Analysis, Castelar Articles Online available at www.articles.castelarhost.com) emphasises midland growth worldwide, which means to achieve higher volumes of sales by adding value to the products, renovate existing products, and innovate new products, to keep pace in the industry because of rapidly changing of consumer expectations.PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONSNestl produces hundreds of products, has a global network of suppliers, and multiple distributions and selling channels. Hence, to anticipate and respond in this rapidly changing in market demand condition is very difficult. When forecasting a market demand, Nestl will need information to detect shifts in demand early so they could ad unspoilt for trends and steer the right messages to the suppliers, shippers, and distribution centres before they are flood with unwanted or defective goods or shortages. (Manhattan Associates. 2010, Planning and forecasting Anticipate and Respond to Changes in Demand, Manhattan Associates Online at www.manh.com)However, every company has its weakest links, so is Nestl. The weakest links are issues they are unable to control. (Labs. 2010, Supply Chain Efficiency Starts at the Top, Food Engineering Online available at www.foodengineeringmag.com) Firstly, the most common problem is the sources of render of raw materials. This is due to a sudden and unexpected increased in demand, which will cause extreme supply shortages for commodities that will result in major price increases. For instance, bad weather and natural disasters have always been an issue affecting incoming raw materials. Secondly, the inaccuracy of orders sure in inventory. No company can ever achieve the requirement of zero defects especially in foods and beverages in dustry. For example, when the purchasing department of Nestl ordered 10,000 of mixed berries yogurt from its bar cooker, but what the retailer received was only 8,000 of mixed berries yoghurt, or on another occasion they might received defective inventories. Another example is, when Nestl tells its dealer that they needed extra orders of a particular product to be shipped right away because of unexpected increased in demand, but in fact, the supplier whitethorn already has orders from other customers. This usually happen during special occasion such as Chinese New Year, the demand of Nestl Cornflakes cereal will increase because many people will buy this product to make cookies. This will causes Nestl to encounter a great loss because of inaccurate order of magnitude because they could not produce the actual output needed.Therefore, in order to solve these problems, it is crucial for Nestl to engage with multiple suppliers or dealers in that particular region, so they could acquire inventories from multiple dealers, which will definitely decrease the risk of shortage due to incontrollable situation. Besides, Nestl should also base on their demand and purchase devisening on last couple of geezerhood of sales to forecast current year of demand and supply. Other than that, mutual trust and strong relationship with all the dealers are needed in order to increase the flexibility of material supply management, as well as to enhance the bargaining power of Nestl. However, if there is a surplus, Nestl may need to plan a promotion to clear their inventories, otherwise Nestl will encounter a great loss such as paying high material use cost, waste of warehouses space, or inventories that are not sold became defective and may need to be disposed which no profit will earn. Therefore, when there is a prominent tear downt organized such as Jom Heboh Carnival. Nestl will set up a booth at the carnival to sell its products, which are finis to the expiry date at lower p rice such as Maggi products, Nescaf, Milo, yoghurt drinks, Nestl ice creams and so on. People often buy the products in big quantity because of the lower price than the market price. As a result, Nestl could clear their inventories rather fast and celebrate some space in the warehouses. which is a win-win situation.Thirdly, even though Nestl has a logistics department but it doesnt deal with transportation logistics. Nestl outsourced its supply chain transport to the third-party logistics (3PL) as Nestl tries to cut their supply chain costs and to scale down more on their in-plant operations. Although Nestl doesnt have a transportation logistics department, but they do have a delivery team to cooperate with the third-party logistics in routing protocol. Nestl is using a Dynamic ancestry Routing (DSR), which is a simple and efficient routing protocol designed specifically for use in multi-hop wireless ad hoc networks of mobile nodes. The protocol is make up of the two main mechan isms of Route Discovery and Route Maintenance, which work together to allow nodes to discover and maintain routes on-demand to arbitrary destinations in the ad hoc network. (Maltz. 2003, The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol CMU Online available at www.cs.cmu.edu) Therefore, the delivery team is there to help Nestl and the 3PL that DSR is working as per company direction as well as DSR performance.Next, it is the slimy partnership relationship between dealerships and consumers. Dealers need these capabilities because they, in close partnership with manufacturers Nestl, are a connecting hub of services for the consumers, and other stakeholders. However, Nestl solved this problem by using the Dealer Management Systems (DMS) as well as their dealers. DMS is a software solutions that provide tools for managing sales, services, parts and inventory management, business management, integration, and core architecture. DMS help manufacturers and dealers create integrated marketing campaigns to offer inventory to target markets. This will integrate innovations into traditional in-store sales and service processes and offer technologies for non-traditional merchandising, sales, and service strategies through alternative channels for consumer interlocking via Web, by phone, or in-vehicle. (Microsoft Corporation. 2008, Microsoft Offers the Dealer Management Solution Microsoft Online available at www.microsoft.com/automotive)RECOMMENDATIONSAfter the reviews stated above, those were not the only solutions that are available. MDZ has come up with a few recommended suggestions that may work or solve the problems that were encountered by Nestl. Instead of just finding or having multiple suppliers, Nestl could acquire the inventories from the other outlets from the other region. Because some regions have different demographics, for instance, race. Some areas have higher percentage of Malays such as Kuantan, Pahang, and some may have higher percentage of Chinese such as Ipoh, P erak. The Chinese New Year (CNY) example stated above, in Kuantan area, there might be less demand during CNY, so to prevent shortage, Nestl could just acquire the inventories from Kuantan. However, if there is a surplus, and unable to clear the inventories at a short time, Nestl could consider donation for short-run purpose, this could help to clear the old stocks, as well as to help the donation receivers and build better goodwill and name of Nestl.Secondly, Nestl is a multinational company it definitely has the capability in owning a transportation logistics department. Because of the hundreds variety of Nestls products, 7 manufacturers in Malaysia, as well as thousands of customers such as retailers, wholesalers, distributors and so on, Nestl could handle its own transportation service. Nestl could gain the whole power in such as mode selections, routing, and others. They could do almost anything such as consolidating different type of products but to the same outlet. Besides, t hey could save every penny they use in transportation cost compare to third-party logistics (3PL) because 3PL charges according to the quantity, inventory storage space, value added processes such as special handling, and more. It may benefit in the short run, but definitely not in the long run, as Nestl centred in the long-term business and strives to achieve effectiveness and efficiency.Lastly, Nestl could use both manual and automation system in managing sales, services, and others. This is because one cannot trust wholly to a machine, as it may not be documenting the steps in its own processor. Because some steps cant be automated and may required operator intervention to prevent the escapement processing steps, even though adapting in advance(p) technologies could help saving cost as labour cost is reduced, but if there are still problems occur, it will affect the business such as loss of customers because of the mistake. Therefore, Nestl must update the system software regula rly and full utilisation of available technology as well as the manual operators, which will effectively increase the efficiency and dependability of the supply chain systems.CONCLUSIONNestl exerts great efforts to achieve its visions to be the leader in Nutrition, Health, and Wellness Company by producing better quality of products to the consumers. Nestl also study about the consumers needs from time to time and satisfy the consumers as much as possible. Nestls strengths such as high financial capability, effective strategic marketing capability, strong research and development, as well as great leaderships have helped them through the obstacles. Above all, Nestl focuses on its missions and ensures consistency by making the right decisions to manage and build its business to deliver the promise of Good Food, Good Life all over the world.

Threats to Democracy :: essays papers

Threats to DemocracyWhat threats to Democracy presented themselves during the first few decades of independence? How did leading of the U.S. solve these problems?During the first decades of our premature nations existence, it is hard to imagine that the United States would evolve to become such a great democracy. A democracy others would prefer to turn over with hypocrite reasoning. When the U.S. first won its independence it was a united group of plenty left to fend for themselves. This group was to become a nation and creating it involve more than winning independence from Great Britain.In 1783, the U.S. was a country forming in its premature stages. By 1787, this baby begins to develop, to become a nation. By 1787, people perceived that their constitution represented what the people desired the U.S. to be well at least the Federalists presumed this. The Anti-Federalists watched for signs that threatened their republican principals for which they so recently had fought t he American Revolution. later on winning the state of war the unity and optimism among Americans did not translate easily or smoothly into the creation of a strong central government. The Federalists and Anti-Feds were very impertinent to eachothers views. By the late 1700s and early 1800s, a deep political division had occurred amongst the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists.Anti-Federalists were mostly from the South, and were labeled Jeffersonians. Their label came from the fact that they defended slavery and third President, Thomas Jefferson, was known for owning herds of nigrify slaves. Southerners held agreed with many of Jeffersons views. The Anti-Feds, Republicans, believed in strict interpretation of the constitution, peaceful foreign relations, and a reduction of the role of the federal government in the lives of average citizens. They were opposed to a strong central government and felt states should hold the power to govern. The Federalists believed that the con stitution should be loosely interpreted and that America should follow the spirit of it to admit laws and judgements. Federalists wanted to organize the states so a strong federal power could govern over them in order to keep enough power for the economy, war and ruling. Many were opposed to this form of government because it so closely mimicked that of Great Britain. Between these two diverse groups, their followers get around the nation. The United States was geographically split North from South.

Living in George Orwells 1984-Today Essay example -- George Orwell 19

Living in George Orwells 1984-TodayGeorge Orwells horrendous yet prophetic vision of the future in his novel, 1984 has come and gone. In this nightmarish novel, Oceania, where the story takes place, is the immaculate depiction of Negative Utopia in which the government is in total control of their citizens. They control every aspect of their life. From the smallest things as the clothes their citizen wore on a passing(a) basis to the person they were allowed to marry to their thoughts. Freedom of choice and thought was unquestionable and was not allowed and anything or anyone that went against this principle or resisted oppression was completely suppressed themselves. Now, downstairs our current government there are a lot of similarities between the haunting novel of the Negative Utopia which George Orwell portrays in 1984 and ours. Many tactics which were used in 1984 by the Party and which are being used today in American by our current government are psychological manipulation of people, corporal torture and the shaping of human thought through language. In reality, democracy or true democracy has never existed in the United States of America. If we look keystone in time and read the creation of this nation in our history books, our founding fathers were the better off people during their time when talking about money. They were the plainly few that met the profile, which they created, that allowed a person to run for office in essence, you had to be a white adult male (at least giving the fact that the youngest independence fighter was 26 years of age) and owned your land (which meant wealth in that era). If the United States was truly established as a democracy, why did only a few white male who were the powerful ones during that... ...t and radio host in Austin, Texas.Barnes, Fred. A War without Heroes? Only if youre Reading the Mainstream Media. Weekly Standard. 26 December 2005 heap 011, Issue 15(1) http//www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/A rticles/000/000/006/496eeymx.asphttp//www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/006/496eeymx.aspPat Tillman. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia. 2056, 5 May 2006 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pat_Tillmanhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pat_TillmanNichols, John. The Plane Crash of Senator Wellstone. 2002. 8 May 2006. http//www.oilempire.us/wellstone.htmlhttp//www.oilempire.us/wellstone.htmlGuantnamo Lives snap apart - The impact of indefinite detention on detainees and their families. 2006. 8 May 2006. http//web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAMR510072006http//web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAMR510072006